Quantum computers have the potential to solve some of the world’s most complex problems, but the key challenge lies in scaling them up. A new modular design for quantum chips could revolutionize the construction of large-scale quantum computers.
Despite significant advancements in building larger quantum processors, the technology still lags far behind traditional computer chips in terms of scale.
Current leading quantum computers, which are based on superconducting qubits, have only recently surpassed the 1,000-qubit milestone due to the fragility of qubit technologies and the intricate control systems needed to manipulate them.
Engineers at MIT and the MITRE Corporation have introduced a new platform that features over 4,000 qubits made from diamond defects integrated onto an advanced circuit for control. This innovative system, known as “quantum systems-on-a-chip,” could pave the way for connecting multiple chips using optical networking to create large-scale quantum computers.
Lead author Linsen Li highlighted the importance of scalability in quantum systems, stating that a large number of qubits and precise control over them are essential for harnessing the true power of quantum computing.
Diamond color centers, which are defects in diamonds, show promise as qubit candidates due to their long-lasting quantum states and ability to be entangled with distant qubits using light signals. Additionally, they are solid-state systems that are compatible with conventional electronics manufacturing.
One drawback of diamond color centers is their lack of uniformity. However, the researchers were able to overcome this challenge by integrating the qubits on a chip that can adjust their frequencies using voltages, enabling precise control over all 4,000 qubits.
The team developed a novel fabrication technique to create 64 “quantum microchiplets” that were then integrated into the circuits, showcasing the potential for achieving qubit densities comparable to traditional electronics.
While the device has not been used for computing yet, the researchers have demonstrated efficient preparation and measurement of spin states, paving the way for future quantum algorithm implementation.
This highly scalable modular architecture offers a promising path towards achieving the millions of qubits necessary to unlock the full potential of quantum technology.
Image Credit: Sampson Wilcox and Linsen Li, RLE
